category: literaturenote citekey: roadsafetyinjuries18countriesharvardreport title: RoadSafetyInjuries18CountriesHarvardReport authors: "" zotero_storage: FVK5JRHC collections: doktoritöö / HLO folder: 001_artiklid/Road Safety Indicators

status: converted

ROAD INJURIES IN 18 COUNTRIES

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Department of Global Health and Population Harvard School of Public Health

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Chapter 1: Project Overview

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FIGURE 2: Road injury deaths rates in 18 countries analyzed in this project compared with Sweden, UK, and the 2: Road injury deaths rates in 18 countries analyzed in this project compared with Sweden, UK, and Netherlands-/;79A'7;'4 547>'4- 54'==5<?749;DB7.49'?C' '( '? /4< <'>'(- .5<40 . 9?989<'= 54B547; 54'7';5<4 '?A75;-

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Chapter 2 Methods

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Concept	Concept Definition
What is a "Road Traffic Crash?"	A road traffic crash is an event that produces injury and/or property damage, involves a vehicle in transport, and occurs on a road or while the vehicle is still in motion after running off the road. Note the use of the term "crash" instead of "accident."
What is a "Road?"	A road is the entire width between property lines (or other boundary lines) of land open to the public as a matter of right or custom for purposes of moving persons or property from one place to another.
Types of road user transport mode	Pedestrian, bicycle, motorized two wheeler, motorized three wheeler, car, van (including pick up trucks), truck, bus, others
What is a road traffic "fatality?"	Any death for which a road traffic crash is the underlying cause. The "underlying cause" of a death is the disease or injury which initiated the train of events leading directly to death regardless of how long ago the event occurred. Note that there is no time limit between the crash and the death. There is also no restriction on where the death happens (at crash scene, hospital, home, etc).
What is a road traffic "injury?"	A road traffic injury is an injury caused in a road traffic crash. "Injury" is the reduction in functional health status due to energy exchanges that have relatively sudden discernable effects.
Levels of injury severity	Injury severity is defined in terms of the levels of impairment – i.e. reduction in functional health status – e.g. minor/moderate/severe impairments.
Types of institutional medical care	A hospital admission is a hospital stay exceeding 24 hours. Visits less than 24 hours are referred to as outpatient visits.
Victim demographics	Sex: Male/Female. Age grouping: 0 – 1, 1 – 4, 5 – 14, 15 – 24, 25 – 34, 35 – 44, 45 – 54, 55 – 64, 65 – 74, 75 – 84, and 85+ years. Urban/rural: National definitions of "urban" and "rural" areas as defined by the UN Demographic Yearbook.

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Country	Deaths	Non-fatal injuries
Iran	National death registration system11: covers 29 provinces (i.e. all except Tehran); ICD-10 derivative causes of death National forensic medicine	Hospital data sample11: Data collected from all hospitals in 12 provinces (outpatient for 4 days, and hospital admissions for 4 weeks), followed back to household post-discharge Demographic and Health Survey (DHS)47: Approx
	system11: estimates available for all provinces	110,000 households, included questions about road traffic injury involvement and care.
India1	National Sample Registration System33: Nationally representative sample of deaths in India, causes evaluated by verbal autopsy. National Medical Certification of Cause of Death (MCCD) System34: Cause of death for reporting hospital in urban areas; covers approx 500,000 deaths from all causes annually.	World Health Survey (WHS)48: representative sample with questions about road traffic injuries and care; conducted in six states Survey-New Delhi49: 5,412 households, all injury causes. Survey-Bangalore6 : 20,000 households, stratified by urban/rural and socio-economic status. Survey- near New Delhi50: morbidity patterns in 9 villages, 25,000 households, monitored for 1 year. Hospital – Hyderabad12: five hospitals, Approx 800 victims, followed back to household post-discharge.
Mexico	National death registration system: ICD-10 coded cause of death, estimated to be near complete.	SAEH- Ministry of Health national hospital discharge database: covers all Ministry of Health hospitals, approx 115,000 unintentional injury hospital admissions. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) national hospital discharge database: approx 175,000 injury hospital admissions; external causes not recorded. World Health Survey48: representative sample with questions about road traffic injuries and care. Encuesta nacional de Salud y Nutricion (ENSANUT) national health survey51: Sample size 54,068 individuals, included questions on RTI involvement and care.
Ghana	Mortuary data – Kumasi8 : Data collected from 1996-1999. Demographic Surveillance System (DSS) Sites at Navrongo35: verbal autopsy based cause of deaths.	World Health Survey48: representative sample with questions about road traffic injuries and care. Survey – Kumasi (urban) + Brong Ahafo region (rural)52: sample of approx 21,000 individuals Hospital records-Accra: Reporting hospitals

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Chapter 3 Quality of Global Death Registration Data

Availability and quality of cause-of-death data for estimating the global burden of injuries

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Intent	Broad category	Detailed category	Code	ICD-10 Code	ICD-9 Code
		Pedestrian	1	V01-V04, V06, V09	E811-25 (.7), E826-29 (.0)
		Bicyclist	2	V10-V19	E810-825 (.6), E826-29 (.1)
		Two-wheeler rider	3	V20-V29
		Three-wheeler occupant	4	V30-V39	E810-825 (.2 & .3)
		Car occupant	5	V40-V49
	Road Injury	Van occupant	6	V50-V59
		Truck occupant	7	V60-V69	E810-825 (.0 & .1)
		Bus occupant	8	V70-V79
		Other road injury	9	V80, V82, V83, V84, V85	E810-25 (.4, .5, .8), E826- 29 (.2, .3, .4, .8)
	Rail	Rail	10	V05, V81	E800-807, E810.7
	Other transport	Other transport	11	V86, V91, V93-V98	E831, E833-8, E843
	Fall	Fall	12	W00-W19	E880-86, E888, E929.3
	Drowning	Drowning	13	V90, V92, W65-W74	E830, E832, E910
	Other threats to breathing		14	W75-W84	E911-13
Unintentional	Fire	Fire	15	X00-X19	E890-99, E924, E929.4
		Firearm	16	W32-W34	E922
	Mechanical force	Sharp object	17	W25-W29, W45-W46	E920
		Machinery	18	W24, W30-W31	E919
		Gas	19	X46-X47	E862, E867-69
		Pesticide	20	X48	E863
	Poisoning	Other poison	21	X40-X45, X49	E850-58, E860-61, E864- 66, E929.2
	Adverse medical effects		22	Y40-Y84, Y88	E870-79, E930-49
	Animal contact	Animal contact	23	W53-W59, X20-X27, X29	E905.06/.8/.9, E906
	Forces of nature	Forces of nature	24	X30-X39	E900-04.9( excL E900.1, E901.1), E907-9, E929.5
	Other unintentional	Other unintentional	25	W20-W23, W35-W44, W49-W52, W60-W64, W85-W99, X28, X50- X58	E840, E841, E842, E844- 48, E9001, E9011, E902-4, E905.7, E914-18, E921, E923, E925-28.8, E929.8
	Fall	Fall	26	X80	E957
	Drowning	Drowning	27	X71	E954
	Other threats to breathing		28	X70	E953
	Fire	Fire	29	X76-X77	E958.1
Intentional,		Firearm	30	X72-X74	E955 (except E955.5)
Self-inflicted	Mechanical force	Sharp object	31	X78	E956
		Gas	32	X67	E951-52
	Poisoning	Pesticide	33	X68	E950.6
		Other drug	34	X60-X66, X69	E950.05, E950.79
	Other self-inflicted	Other self-inflicted	35	X75, X79, X81-X83	E955.5, E958.0, E958.28
	Fall	Fall	36	Y01	E968.1
	Drowning	Drowning	37	X92	E964
	Other threats to breathing		38	X91	E963
	Fire	Fire	39	X97-X98	E968.0
Intentional,	Mechanical force	Firearm	40	X93-X95	E965.0-4, E968.6
Inter-personal		Sharp object	41	X99	E966
		Gas	42	X88	E962.2
	Poisoning	Pesticide	43	X87	NA
		Other drug	44	X85-X86, X89-X90	E961, E962.0/1/9
	Other inter-personal	Other inter-personal	45	X96, Y00, Y02-Y08	E960, E965.5-9, E967, E968.2-5, E968.7-8
Collective Viol.	Collective violence	Collective violence	46	Y36	E979, E990-98
Legal	Mechanical force	Firearm	47	Y35.0	E970
intervention	Other legal intervention	Other legal intervention	48	Y35.1-Y35.6	E971-5/8

	Broad category	Undetermined Intent, Partly specified & Late Effects Codes Detailed description	Code	ICD-10 Code	ICD-9 Code
		Unspecified unintentional road injury not including pedestrian or bicyclist	49	V87-V88	E810-25 with 5th char. 9
	Road Injury	Unspecified unintentional road injury	50	V89, Y85.0	E826-9 with 5th char. 9, E929.0
	Transport	Unspecified unintentional transport injury	51	V99, Y85.9	E929.1
	Non-transport	Unspecified unintentional non-transport injury	52	Y86	NA
	Unintentional	Unspecified unintentional injury	53	X59	E887, E928.9, E929.9
	Self-inflicted	Unspecified self-inflicted injury	54	X84, Y87.0	E958.9, E959
	Inter-personal	Unspecified inter-personal injury	55	Y09, Y87.1	E968.9, E969
	Falls	Undetermined intent – fall	56	Y30	E987
	Drowning	Undetermined intent – drowning	57	Y21	E984
Partly-specified, Undetermined	Other threats to breathing	Undetermined intent - other threats to breathing	58	Y20	E983
Intent, and	Fire	Undetermined intent – fire	59	Y26-Y27	E988.1-2
Unspecified		Undetermined intent – firearm	60	Y22-Y24	E985.0-4/.67
	Mechanical forces	Undetermined intent - sharp object	61	Y28	E986
		Undetermined intent – gas	62	Y17	E981-2
	Poisoning	Undetermined intent – pesticide	63	Y18	E980.7
		Undetermined intent - other drug	64	Y10-Y16, Y19	E980.0-6/8/9, E988.7
	Other	Undetermined intent – other	65	Y25, Y29, Y31-Y33	E985.5, E988.0/.3- .6/.8
	All injuries	Undetermined intent – unspecified	66	Y34, Y87.2	E988.9, E989
	Collective violence	Collective violence	67	Y89.1	E999
	Legal intervention	Unspecified legal intervention	68	Y35.7, Y89.0	E976-7
	All injury	Unspecified injury mechanism	69	Y89.9	NA

Table 1: Specified and partly-specified cause-of-death categories for injuries

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Region1	Country2 data availability in the WHO Mortality Database Country: most recent year(years of data available)3

ASIA PACIFIC,	Japan:2007(13), Republic of Korea:2006(12), Singapore:2003(13)
HIGH INCOME	Countries with no data (0.2% of regional pop): Brunei Darussalam
ASIA, CENTRAL	Azerbaijan:2007(1), Georgia:2001(4), Kyrgyzstan:2006(7), Uzbekistan:2005(2) Countries with no data (42% of regional pop): Armenia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan,

	Turkmenistan
ASIA, EAST	Hong Kong:2007(7) Countries with no data (99.5% of regional pop): Democratic People's Republic of Korea, China4
	Countries with no data (100% of regional pop): Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India4
ASIA, SOUTH	, Nepal,
	Pakistan
ASIA,	Maldives:2005(6), Mauritius:2007(10), Thailand:2002(11)
SOUTHEAST	Countries with no data (89% of regional pop): Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Viet nam

AUSTRALASIA	Australia:2004(8), New Zealand:2005(9)
	Countries with no data (0% of regional pop): none
	Antigua and Barbuda:2006(7), Bahamas:2002(4), Barbados:2003(4), Belize:2001(5),
	Bermuda:2002(7), Cuba:2006(7), Dominica:2004(5), Dominican Republic:2004(8),
CARIBBEAN	Grenada:2005(5), Guyana:2005(9), Haiti:2003(5), Saint Kitts and Nevis:2005(10), Saint
	Lucia:2002(7), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:2004(6), Suriname:2005(8), Trinidad and
	Tobago:2002(4)
	Countries with no data (6% of regional pop): Jamaica
	Croatia:2006(12), Czech Republic:2007(14), Hungary:2005(10), Poland:2006(8),
EUROPE,	Romania:2007(9), Serbia:2007(10), Slovakia:2005(12), Slovenia:2007(23)
CENTRAL	Countries with no data (14% of regional pop): Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,
	Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
EUROPE,	Estonia:2005(9), Latvia:2007(12), Lithuania:2007(10), Republic of Moldova:2007(12)
EASTERN	Countries with no data (95% of regional pop): Belarus, Russian Federation, Ukraine
	Austria:2007(9), Cyprus:2006(2), Denmark:2006(13), Finland:2007(12), France:2006(10),
	Germany:2006(9), Greece:2006(9), Iceland:2007(12), Ireland:2007(11), Israel:2005(10),
EUROPE,	Italy:2006(9), Luxembourg:2005(8), Malta:2007(13), Netherlands:2007(12), Norway:2006(11),
WESTERN	Portugal:2003(5), San Marino:2000(6), Spain:2005(9), Sweden:2006(11), United Kingdom:2007(9)
	Countries with no data (4% of regional pop): Belgium, Andorra, Monaco, Switzerland
LATIN AMERICA,	Ecuador:2006(10), Peru:2000(2)
ANDEAN	Countries with no data (18% of regional pop): Bolivia
	Colombia:2005(8), Costa Rica:2006(10), El Salvador:2006(10), Guatemala:2006(7),
LATIN AMERICA,	Mexico:2006(9), Nicaragua:2005(9), Panama:2006(8), Venezuela:2005(10)
CENTRAL	Countries with no data (3% of regional pop): Honduras
LATIN AMERICA,	Argentina:2005(9), Chile:2005(9), Uruguay:2004(6)
SOUTHERN	Countries with no data (0% of regional pop): none
LATIN AMERICA,	Brazil:2005(10), Paraguay:2004(9)
TROPICAL	Countries with no data (0% of regional pop): none
	Bahrain:2001(5), Egypt:2000(1), Kuwait:2002(8)
NORTH AFRICA /	Countries with no data (81% of regional pop): Algeria, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jordan,
MIDDLE EAST	Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic,
	Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen
NORTH AMERICA,	Canada:2004(8), United States of America:2005(9)
HIGH INCOME	Countries with no data (0% of regional pop): none
	Kiribati:2001(11)
	Countries with no data (99% of regional pop): Cook Islands, Fiji, Marshall Islands, Micronesia
OCEANIA	(Federated States of), Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga,
	Tuvalu, Vanuatu
	South Africa:2005(10)
SUB-SAHARAN	Countries with no data (30% of regional pop): Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Swaziland,
AFRICA,	Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN
SUB-SAHARAN	Countries with no data (100% of regional pop): Angola, Central African Republic, Congo,
AFRICA, CENTRAL	Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon
	Countries with no data (100% of regional pop): Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
SUB-SAHARAN	Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda, United Republic of
AFRICA, EAST	Tanzania, Zambia
	Countries with no data (100% of regional pop): Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde,
SUB-SAHARAN	Chad, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
AFRICA, WEST	Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo

Table 2: Availability of global death registration data

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Table 3: Completeness and quality (percent of deaths assigned to partially specified causes)

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	All Injuries	Road Injuries	Suicide/Homicide
	(20 countries)	(47 countries)	(60 countries)
ASIA PACIFIC, HIGH INCOME	Japan, Republic of Korea	Japan, Republic of Korea	Japan, Republic of Korea
ASIA, CENTRAL	Uzbekistan	Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan	Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan
ASIA, EAST	Hong Kong	Hong Kong	Hong Kong
ASIA, SOUTHEAST		Mauritius	Mauritius
AUSTRALASIA	Australia, New Zealand	Australia, New Zealand	Australia, New Zealand
CARIBBEAN	Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago	Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Cuba, Guyana, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago	Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Cuba, Guyana, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago
EUROPE, CENTRAL	Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia	Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia	Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia
EUROPE, EASTERN	Estonia, Lithuania	Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova	Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova
EUROPE, WESTERN	Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta	Austria, Finland, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, Spain	Cyprus, Israel, Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom
LATIN AMERICA, ANDEAN			Ecuador
LATIN AMERICA, CENTRAL	Panama	Columbia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico, Panama	Columbia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico, Panama
LATIN AMERICA, SOUTHERN		Chile	Argentina, Chile, Uruguay
LATIN AMERICA, TROPICAL		Brazil, Paraguay	Brazil, Paraguay
NORTH AFRICA / MIDDLE EAST		Kuwait	Kuwait
NORTH AMERICA, HIGH INCOME		Canada, United States of America	Canada, United States of America

Table 4: Countries where death registration data can be used for reliable national estimates of all external causes of injuries, road injuries, suicides, and homicides

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Incidence of road injuries in Argentina

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Argentina compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

Rank	External Cause of Injury	Deaths
1	Road Injury	5093
2	Self-inflicted	4536
3	Inter-personal	2250
4	Adverse effects of medical treatment	1848
5	Drowning	767
6	Fire	700
7	Other unintentional	698
8	Other threats to breathing	663
9	Falls	521
10	Poisoning	498
11	Rail Injury	369
12	Firearm	182
13	Forces of nature	104
14	Other transport	76
15	Animal contact	45
16	Machinery	39
17	Sharp object	7
18	Collective violence	3
19	Legal Intervention	2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7 3" ( % ! /0 BC0 M&JA! % 122B& # " % ! " % % ( ! =\* />&3122B " !10A! " %&

How did we compute these estimates?

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All Cause Deaths	293161 cases
Unknown cause (R95-R99)		5.8% % of all-cause deaths
Injury Deaths	18548 cases
Unspecified intent		0.0% % of all injury deaths
Undetermined Intent		9.8% % of all injury deaths
Unintentional Injuries	11609 cases
Unspecified unintentional (X59)		31.6% % of all unintentional injury deaths
Transport		3925 cases
Unspecified transport		1.7% % of all transport deaths
Road Injuries		3550 cases
Unspecified road injury		26.0% % of all road injury deaths
Unspecified type of veh occup		0.5% % of all vehicle occupant deaths
Non-Transport		4010 cases
Unspecified non-transport		0.1% % of all non-transport deaths
Intentional		4978 cases
Inter-personal		2037 cases
Unspecified mechanism		11.0% % of all inter-personal deaths
Self-inflicted		2936 cases
Unspecified mechanism		0.3% % of all self-inflicted deaths
Legal Intervention		2 cases
Unspecified mechanism		0.0% % of all legal-intervention deaths
Collective Violence		3 cases

Table 2 Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data.

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Comparison of our estimates with other sources

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Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources. .5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5= .77<;B5475?5 . 7>> "26"5 " ' 2 F

Road deaths by age and sex

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Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

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Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Deaths and non-fatal road injuries by type of road-user

% +\$

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Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Figure 6: Non-fatal road injuries broken down by road usertype .5<48 45;B97= 9;4 7

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Argentina - 2005
											Male
Intent	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1 – 4				5 – 9 10 – 14 15 – 19 20 – 24 25 – 29 30 – 34 35 – 39 40 – 44 45 – 49 50 – 54 55 – 59 60 – 64 65 – 69 70 – 74 75 – 79 80+											All Ages
		Pedestrian	2	19	49	26	52 41	44	37	29	42	33	40	43	30	30	36	28	619 38
		Bicyclist	0	5	14	14	27 24	16	13	17	18	21	37	23	33	26	35	27	356 6
		Two-wheeler rider	0	2	0	10	95 50	104	32	42	38	28	20	26	21	8	4	4	488 6
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	0	0	2 0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Road Injury	Car occupant	12	8	30	39	254 131	233	191	162	147	166	170	143	120	86	75	55	2077 56
		Van occupant	0	2	2	7	8 4	18	9	17	10	16	11	15	15	10	4	2	151 3
		Truck occupant	0	0	2	2	8 4	11	15	15	14	18	16	11	8	4	2	2	132 0
		Bus occupant	1	2	2	0	6	7 0	2	0	0	6	0	2	0	0	0	0	0
		Other road injury	0	0	0	7	8 6	5	4	2	2	6	7	8	4	10	4	0	3
	Rail		0	1	1	6	34 14	32	36	12	25	16	10	14	11	6	6	6	248 15
	Other transport		0	0	3	1	6 3	3	7	12	10	10	4	3	3	3	0	0	0
	Falls		2	8	6	6	16 13	25	25	23	16	19	32	28	27	22	17	24	383 76
Unintentional		Drowning	7	85	30	36	77 77	66	29	30	23	32	47	23	14	6	12	14	635 23
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	124	25	6	4	16 4	17	13	11	3	7	19	18	9	12	23	8	383 63
	Fire		6	22	16	10	27 15	33	28	26	16	17	30	33	21	26	18	21	426 60
		Firearm	0	1	2	8	20 20	17	16	11	7	16	6	6	9	5	5	9	161 2
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	1	0	0	1	0 1	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0
		Machinery	0	5	1	0	0	1 4	3	7	0	1	2	6	0	5	3	0	0
		Gases	0	14	10	11	67 38	34	20	11	10	14	6	2	3	14	14	13	286 6
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0	0 1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
		Other poisons	13	3	0	0	3 0	1	0	1	1	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	4
	Adverse medical effects		2	3	5	1	3 3	3	7	5	13	26	25	38	63	102	126	173	806 208
	Animal contact		1	3	5	1	0	0 0	0	0	1	3	0	6	2	2	3	2	0
	Forces of nature		1	0	1	1	6 1	3	1	1	7	3	13	11	6	8	6	2	6
	Other		2	13	21	29	53 66	46	48	44	42	44	35	25	17	12	17	8	533 8
	Falls		0	0	0	0	3	3 3	1	4	1	1	2	3	7	0	2	1	0
		Drowning	1	0	4	4	23 21	14	17	12	9	5	7	1	17	4	6	2	150 3
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	0	0	3	45	275 200	200	139	102	79	95	109	102	83	60	61	57	1660 50
	Fire		0	0	4	0	2	8 7	7	6	3	3	3	3	4	6	4	4	2
Self- inflicted	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	9	16	197 171	133	109	70	85	68	93	88	85	76	82	66	1433 85
		Sharp object	0	0	0	1	10 8	11	8	4	7	8	3	7	1	2	3	1	1
		Gases	0	0	1	0	0	3 1	1	2	1	3	0	2	3	0	1	2	2
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	1	0	2 1	3	0	1	0	3	1	1	0	1	1	3
		Other drugs	0	0	0	3	5	6 4	5	8	2	2	6	1	2	2	2	1	1
	Other		1	0	1	0	11 4	5	2	3	1	1	7	10	6	1	7	3	14
	Falls		0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
		Drowning	0	12	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	5	2	2	0	1	3 2	2	4	0	5	1	0	0	2	4	0	7
	Fire		0	2	0	0	0	2 0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0
		Firearm	2	1	2	9	165 156	166	115	92	64	51	58	35	21	29	20	12	1014 17
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	2	0	7	4	145 80	112	79	59	38	43	32	35	33	8	11	7	711 17
		Gases	0	2	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	1	0 2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	1	0	0
	Other		5	3	0	0	8 3	6	7	7	4	11	7	3	3	3	4	2	7
Collective violence			0	0	0	2	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
Legal intervention	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Other		0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Source: Estimates based on analysis of death registration data

											Female
Intent	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1 – 4					5 – 9 10 – 14 15 – 19 20 – 24 25 – 29 30 – 34 35 – 39 40 – 44 45 – 49 50 – 54 55 – 59 60 – 64 65 – 69 70 – 74 75 – 79 80+ All Ages												Total
		Pedestrian	3	16	16	13	26	6 10	5	12	4	9	5	6	11	9	27	26	31	234	853
		Bicyclist	0	1	2	5	7	8 2	8	0	2	3	8	4	4	4	2	0	4	64	420
		Two-wheeler rider	1	3	2	0	14	6 14	12	7	4	2	5	2	0	2	0	0	0	72	561
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	2	6
	Road Injury	Car occupant	7	15	27	29	54	57 54	39	44	68	50	43	38	38	32	39	33	46	714	2791
		Van occupant	0	4	0	0	2	3 3	0	2	4	2	0	6	2	0	0	0	8	35	186
		Truck occupant	0	0	2	2	5	5 2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	147
		Bus occupant	0	0	3	0	0	2 2	3	0	4	2	5	0	2	2	0	0	0	24	52
		Other road injury	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	78
	Rail		0	2	0	4	20	4 9	9	3	10	4	10	8	6	8	13	5	5	121	369
	Other transport		0	0	0	0	0	1 3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	7	76
	Falls		1	1	0	3	0	2 1	4	1	3	3	1	6	1	3	5	11	93	138	521
Unintentional		Drowning	3	54	8	10	9	2 5	2	0	5	0	5	3	4	1	3	7	10	133	767
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	99	14	7	4	5	1 4	2	0	4	4	1	1	7	6	13	20	88	280	663
	Fire		6	14	7	9	9	13 12	11	7	8	3	9	8	3	15	18	29	93	274	700
		Firearm	0	1	1	3	1	1 4	2	3	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	2	0	21	182
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7
		Machinery	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	39
		Gases	2	6	6	4	36	16 26	4	4	3	5	2	1	3	6	6	5	12	147	433
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	5	9
		Other poisons	5	2	1	0	1	0 0	0	0	0	4	0	1	0	1	2	0	5	23	56
	Adverse medical effects		3	2	2	4	6	5 0	7	7	12	16	24	26	31	51	100	153	592	1042	1848
	Animal contact		1	5	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	3	0	5	17	45
	Forces of nature		1	0	1	0	1	0 0	1	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	2	5	12	27	104
	Other		2	12	11	8	11	10 15	8	9	4	10	14	7	4	3	10	7	22	165	698
	Falls		0	0	0	0	1	1 3	5	7	2	2	2	5	2	3	1	4	6	44	77
		Drowning	2	0	2	1	5	6 3	0	0	0	4	5	2	2	8	5	3	10	58	207
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	0	0	0	20	56	43 42	24	23	32	27	22	26	13	17	17	13	8	386	2046
	Fire		0	0	0	2	1	2 1	5	2	1	4	2	0	2	3	6	3	6	40	107
Self- inflicted		Firearm	0	0	2	7	43	22 26	14	15	16	14	13	14	15	9	16	5	11	243	1676
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0	1 1	1	2	1	0	0	2	6	8	3	1	1	28	104
		Gases	0	0	2	0	0	0 0	1	1	1	1	2	0	0	0	2	0	4	15	39
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	1	1	2	1 3	0	0	2	0	1	4	0	1	0	1	3	21	40
		Other drugs	2	0	0	1	2	3 7	6	3	7	7	3	6	9	3	3	3	10	74	126
	Other		2	0	0	0	0	1 3	1	0	0	2	1	5	8	3	2	1	7	36	115
	Falls		0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
		Drowning	3	11	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	16	28
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	3	0	1	0	1	2 4	4	7	1	3	0	4	6	2	6	6	6	56	98
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	1	7	13	21	15 22	10	9	12	9	9	7	6	3	4	0	4	154	1168
		Sharp object	0	4	1	2	4	13 9	9	7	5	16	5	4	4	3	6	4	12	108	819
		Gases	0	2	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	5
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	9
	Other		0	1	1	3	1	1 3	1	2	0	3	4	2	0	2	1	0	6	32	115
Collective violence			0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3
Legal intervention	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2
	Other		0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Incidence of road injuries in Brazil

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Brazil compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54==5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48.9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

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How did we compute these estimates?

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Table 2 Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data .5<48 74 9;74795?7

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O / 7 ' 7

*!! ! \$ .% 1 ( ( % !

! \$&* - #6L#. 7 "%(&+\$ ! ! (* 1 ! " % 66@ 7 5& ( " 7 66 5& 6 !//A " &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths25578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B9?: 85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( ! =0&0A>! % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " ()A- @76- ,))K +E 66 ! % % ! @ =2- #>5& 76- '<\$ 3!=! >&' ! ! 76 6 @ @ 76 6@ 66@' 7 @ 76

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources. .5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> "26"5 " ' 2 F

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.%C>&<CB =0/A> ! " 4 6 ' =L#A> (

12 & =.% C>%C&C%( &% ! %%\$ % !! % & %!

% = - - ()'(- @ (6'(K @

5 (% %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 "=&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths type of road-user

=J0A> % \$ =2- 6>54 =,LA> @6 =1JA> ! &

* %! % !\$ & % ) !\$&3 ( )( 8 \$ %\$\$ 6 H H " & ( %% @6 H 6 - \$ %\$!: ( & R6 @6 H - 4'6 6 @ 7 - 6 R6 6 H 5 @ 6 6 5 (KK. @6 ! C&BA!

122B \$\$1JA& !!

\$&

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

* !! " ! %\$ \$ \$ \$\$ &% \$ \$ ( )( \$ " ( (

% " % %% ! ! 66@ - 7 6@ =2- L>53 - 7 6@- '6 " (=.%0> (\$ !%&# " - 7 6@- -@ - 6 =(N'-- > ! % %\$& 3 ( ! "% MB ( % % % =.%C> % \$%% ! % &

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. & * \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in Colombia

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Colombia compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

& 664 - 7 ) ! ! "9 &* " & * ( \$ ( !! ! "&

Overview of data sources

! " 9 % %

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

=1J&0A>! %

" ' 7 5+6 6 ! % ! " %%%

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " &. %!- - ( % ! - - - &* \$ !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 -

!! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

*!! ! \$ .% 1 ( ( % !

! \$&* - .),. 7 "%(&+\$ ! ! (* 1 ! " % 66@ 7 5 & ' 66@ 7 !C&BA ! " &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths 5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B 9?85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( 9 ! =/&JA>! % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % 9 \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

< ! " 9 (6',)A- @76- (

!! &

* ) ! !! ( !! % ) \$ % " & 3 \$ ( +\$ ! ! \$ !

& ! \$ \$ ! &

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 354?;9 99?8 ?;797<75595?= 99? => 9?9;354?;;

Road deaths by age and sex

9 % =2- ->5E #- =LNA> 66 @ 4 =NLA>4 6 6 12&=.%C>% !%( & % ! %%\$% ! ! % %%\$& %!

% =% - ()'(- @ (6'(K @

5

(% %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 " =&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

=CBA>9 %\$ =.% B>& !

10A&3 \$ \$% 6@(KA 66 @ 46 &

* %! % 9 !\$ & % ) !\$&3 ( )( 8 \$ % 6 H H " &( % - @6 H 6 -!)\$ ! !" : ( &

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

* !! " ! %\$ \$ \$ \$\$ &% \$ \$ ( )( \$ " ( ( % & \$ % ! \$ %

\$ ! * - 6

7 @ @ 6 54 6 76 ( % !! !% \$ \$\$ &* \$\$ " ! ! ! ! " \$ !\$%&

' ! ! " 46 - ,))L 0 6 6 ! @ =;> \$

"& * \$ % \$ ! -)))) 6 54 ,))L * 6 7 @ \$ \$ \$ % \$! &' => /2! !;&

Non-fatal injuries by age, sex, and residence

E 6@ ,))L 0! -- 6@ ( \$\$ 9 ! 66@5& ,5,A"K6A 9371&21&CAG!\$\$ &

% @ 66@ - 7 6@- % ! ! =2- .> 4 L-A - 53 - 7 6@- '6 @ 4 =2- L> 4 \$( !% 4 5 % @ - 7 6@ - - @ - 6 =(6'-K @

%=Q/B>

=RB2>%%\$&

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

.5<487 5795?=4=7 .<48>

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

.5<487 5795?=4=7 .<48>

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

.5<487 5795?=4=7 .<48>

												Female									Total Both
Intent	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1–4	5–9													10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84		85+ All Ages	Sexes
		Pedestrian	5	40	31	29	29 28	23	29	32	33	45	41	53	59	46	56	56	37 44	715	2871
		Bicyclist	0	0	4	4	8 1	3	3	5	4	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0 0	37	529
		Two-wheeler rider	0	1	3	14	57 50	35	26	21	16	6	10	1	4	1	1	0	0 0	247	1784
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	8
	Road Injury	Car occupant	1	7	3	6	19 16	8	12	5	11	6	6	4	3	4	7	0	0 0	118	404
		Van occupant	0	2	3	6	5 3	6	5	2	3	1	4	4	1	0	1	2	0 0	48	147
		Truck occupant	1	0	1	1	7 1	3	3	5	7	6	6	4	1	3	3	2	2 1	57	227
		Bus occupant	0	8	7	12	15 7	6	6	13	8	4	7	3	5	7	1	3	0 0	112	275
		Other road injury	0	0	1	0	0 1	0	5	0	0	4	1	0	0	1	1	0	0 0	16	107
	Rail		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0 0	3	20
	Other transport		0	0	0	0	1 0	3	2	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0 0	11	62
	Falls		4	6	9	8	4 4	2	3	4	3	7	6	9	12	18	26	35	79 42	281	1323
Unintentional		Drowning	16	78	35	25	11 13	12	8	6	9	2	4	4	2	3	3	2	2 2	239	1195
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	104	39	3	9	10 2	3	4	3	8	7	5	10	18	10	17	21	37 41	351	857
	Fire		1	29	4	2	3 3	0	4	1	3	1	1	2	3	2	1	5	0 2	68	192
		Firearm	0	3	0	0	2 2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	9	105
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	18
		Machinery	1	0	0	1	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	23
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	2 0	4	40
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	2	0	1	0 1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0 0	6	24
		Other poisons	0	11	2	0	1 2	6	2	0	2	2	0	2	0	1	0	0	0 2	36	124
	Adverse medical effects		2	0	0	1	1 1	1	2	2	1	5	1	2	3	2	7	5	6 4	47	71
	Animal contact		1	9	2	2	2 1	1	3	1	2	0	1	1	3	1	7	0	0 2	41	158
	Forces of nature		2	6	5	5	6 8	5	4	4	4	2	2	3	1	1	0	1	0 1	62	242
	Other		5	18	13	6	5 6	5	4	6	6	10	4	0	6	0	2	4	0 4	104	792
	Falls		0	0	0	1	5 2	2	2	0	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	18	76
	Threats to breathing	Drowning	0	0	0	0	1 0	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	0	1	0	0	0 0	12	34
		Other threats	0	0	2	11	27 27	13	10	8	11	8	3	1	4	2	3	1	2 1	135	834
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	5
Self- inflicted	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	1	16 11	8	4	5	3	1	3	3	1	0	0	0	0 0	58	588
		Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	44
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	3	8
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	7	28 54	20	15	7	4	4	6	5	2	1	1	0	3 0	157	355
		Other drugs	1	0	0	10	25 50	11	18	8	8	7	3	1	2	0	0	1	0 0	146	428
	Other		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	1	21
	Falls		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	2
	Threats to breathing	Drowning	1	1	0	0	0 1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	3	30
		Other threats	6	3	3	3	11 9	12	11	4	3	1	2	0	4	5	1	8	2 4	93	307
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0 0	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0 0	5	20
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Firearm	2	8	15	31	220 190	172	137	121	114	73	47	27	12	10	6	5	3 1	1197	15919
		Sharp object	1	2	1	2	62 43	57	26	51	25	19	11	4	8	5	3	2	2 4	328	2751
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	2	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	3
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	1 0	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0 0	9	20
	Other		12	9	5	8	11 6	11	8	5	6	1	4	5	2	5	2	6	6 6	119	680
Collective violence			0	0	0	2	14 14	9	4	2	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	49	640
	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	0	2 2	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	10	148
Legal intervention	Other		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	16

Incidence of road injuries in Croatia

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Croatia compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

3" ( % ! 6

6 ,NLN 656A 9122B&

# " % !" 9 ! . &*

" =* />& 3 122B " ! 7 =,,5(A> 66 @ 45

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

& 664 - 7 ) !

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

7 - 5& 6- 66@' 7 -@ % ! "&% 7 - ,(56A ' 7 5 66@ -5KA @ 7 - " " 7 5& 66@ 66 - &< !% ! % + 12A &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65& !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

* !! ! \$ ! .% 1& * % M/2 7 5 I ! ( * 1 ! " ( " 7 66 5& 6 !10 %

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths 5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B 9?85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( 9 ! =2&CA>! % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % 9 \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " 9 \$ !\$ \$ ,))K+EGlobal Status Report Road Safety ( \$ \$=.%J>&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources .5<4;8 \$49:+..8 ⁶ \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475? 5. 7>> 38 \$54= 5 .779;79;:

Road deaths by age and sex

9 % =2- ->5E #- =LNA> 66 @ 4 =NLA> 4 6 12 & =.% C> % ! % % ( &% ! % %\$ % !! % &

% ! @ - 6 =

- ()'(-@ (6'(K >& ( % %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 " =&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type. .5<48 74 9;74795?7

< !!

=B1A>9% \$=.%B>& =/0A> ( ( =/CA> \$ &

% ) 9 \$ &< ! ! + %% ( \$ \$ % !%% !\$ % & 6- 6 H = > % \$ 8& ( ( ! \$ % % %: = ! ! " > 9 8\$= ! ! "9 #\$ >&* ! 9%% \$ %( %)9( &

%\$ % =.%C> % \$%% ! % &

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. & * \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in Czech Republic

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Czech Republic compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherland. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

3" ( % ! 6

6 .#L. 65KA 9 #\$ 122B& # " % !"9 #\$

=* />&*/2 " 9 #\$ & 3 122B " 6@ '7 66 @ 4R % \$ &

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

7 - ' 7 5 ' * 4 6@ 66 ! ! " %%%! \$!

% ( ) &* ( (\$ %%%! " 9 #\$ )\$ &

/2&CA! @ 7 - 6 @ 7 5& ( ! &< !% ! % + 12A &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$

7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " &. %!- - ( % ! - - - * \$ !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7

* !! ! \$ ! .% J& * % JBJ 7 5 I ! (* 1 ! " ( - &* !/22 &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths 5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B 9?85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( 9 #\$ 6@ 66 =)5LA> % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % 9 #\$ \$ & 3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " 9 % 6 I 6@KA- \$ \$ \$ ,))K+E66! % % ! @4 \$ =.%J>&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 38\$54= 5 .779;79;:

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.%C>& E #- =L65,A> 66 @ 4 =K(A> 4 6 6 12& =.%C>% % % ( & % ! %%\$ % !! % & %!

% =% - ()'(- @ (6'(K @

5 (% %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 " =&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

! !

=CBA> 9 #\$ % \$ =.%B>& =,KA> @6

=((A> 4'4 6 =()A> )\$ )! &

% ) ! 9 #\$ \$ &< ! ! ! %%( \$

\$ % 9 #\$ ! %% !\$ % & )( 6- 6 H = >% \$ 8& ( ( ! \$ % % %: = ! ! " > 9 8\$ = ! ! "9>&* !9 #\$ %% \$ %(%) ( &

% &

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$! \$" ! ' )- # ! . &* \$

! % &

												Female
Intent	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1–4	5–9					10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84										85+ All Ages	Total Both Sexes
		Pedestrian	0	0	7 4	4	4	0	4	5	9	4	7	8	6	13	11	14	6 15	120	376
		Bicyclist	0	0	1	2 2	0	2	0	0	1	2	2	2	6	2	4	1	3 3	33	151
		Two-wheeler rider	0	0	0	2 2	0	0	0	3	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	10	133
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0 0	2	9
	Road Injury	Car occupant	1 0		5 2	23	24	25	10	5	13	6	2	10	6	4	4	8	0 3	152	590
		Van occupant	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	2	0	0	0	0 0	4	19
		Truck occupant	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	15
		Bus occupant	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	2
		Other road injury	0	0	0	2 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	1 0	5	20
	Rail		0	1	0	1 1	0	0	3	2	1	1	4	2	1	1	2	4	0 1	26	139
	Other transport		0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	1	13
	Falls		0	3	0 0	0	0	6	3	3	7	9	12	6	11	32	65	149	356 274	936	1729
Unintentional		Drowning	1	1	0	5 1	2	2	4	2	1	8	2	4	4	7	7	7	2 3	62	253
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	8	2	1 0	2	0	3	5	4	5	3	14	7	9	10	4	19	14 16	127	360
	Fire		0	2	0	0 0	0	0	1	0	0	1	4	1	1	4	4	6	5 5	34	92
		Firearm	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0 0	1	14
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	1	3
		Machinery	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 1	1	7
		Gases	0	1	0	2 0	2	2	0	0	1	1	5	3	0	4	4	6	1 2	34	123
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
		Other poisons	0	0	0 0	1	1	3	0	5	9	24	14	6	7	0	4	1	2 2	79	282
	Adverse medical effects		0	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	0	1	0	2 1	9	14
	Animal contact		0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0 0	4	12
	Forces of nature		0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	2	2	5	9	0	0	1	5	2 7	32	127
	Other		1	0	0	0 0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0 1	6	83
	Falls		0	0	0	5 2	1	2	4	3	5	9	1	7	1	8	3	3	2 2	60	136
		Drowning	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2	1	3	2	1 4	16	30
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	0	0	1 0	0	3	1	10	10	3	13	30	12	14	3	14	12	10 11	147	1081
	Fire		0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	7
Self- inflicted	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	0 0	0	3	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0 0	8	166
		Sharp object	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	3	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1 2	10	53
		Gases	0	0	0	0 0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0 0	5	43
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
		Other drugs	0	0	0 0	2	5	3	4	3	4	12	13	5	2	2	1	0	1 0	58	130
	Other		0	0	0	0 0	1	1	0	1	1	2	2	1	2	1	0	0	0 0	13	58
	Falls		0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
	Threats to breathing	Drowning	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	1	3
		Other threats	0	0	0	0 0	0	2	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0 0	6	12
	Fire		0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0 1	3	21
		Sharp object	0	0	0	1 0	1	2	3	4	2	2	3	4	0	0	0	1	1 0	24	50
		Gases	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
	Other		0	0	0	0 0	0	0	1	1	1	4	2	0	0	0	0	1	0 0	11	21
Collective violence			0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0
	Mechanical forces	Firearm
Legal intervention	Other

Incidence of road injuries in Ecuador

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Ecuador compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands /;79A7;4 547>4- 54==5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48.9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

& 664 - 7 ) ! ! "8 &* " &* (\$ ( !! ! "&

Overview of data sources

! " 8 % %

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

7 5 +6 6 % = ! % ! % + 12A > % &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&*\$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " &. %!- - ( % ! - - - * \$ !! "&<

664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

* !! ! \$ ! 2- ,5& - ,#L, 7 5 I ! (* 1 ! " ( " \$ 7 66 5& 6 !1BA " &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths 5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B 9?85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( 8 =(5KA> -@ !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % 8 %&3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " 8 &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " 8 66@ =.6A>- @ 76 - =054> ,))K +E - #\$# !=.%J>&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 5 8?;797<75595?= ;79;79;>?;5;

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.%C>& E #- =LNA> 66 @ 4 !=0BA>(

12 &=.%C>%J&B % % ( & % ! %%\$% !! % & %!

% =%%\$/2 (-@ (6'(K@

5 (% %% &

-
- 1 ' (--1 ' & 2

38 C J10(( \$! ' (\$!01A /2&JA! %\$!1 "

&3 !' ( \$ % ! 1 ( 6 6- - 67 (%\$&* \$1 \$ ! (% \$ 7 % % %\$ \$ ! \$ 1 \$ ! =% %%\$ !

\$\$ &' => /2! !'&

Non-fatal injuries by age, sex, and residence

< !1221122J'%% (L)))) 6 5 '6 66@5& (5#A"K6A4Q)5N' /&0AG!\$\$ &

# " % ! ! =.% B>&' %!! " 4 66@ - 7 =.% M>& # " - 7 6@- - @ - 6 =(N'-- @

6 6@ =2- L>5 6 ( ! "% MB (!%%\$ % =.%B>% \$%% ! % &

Figure 5: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. &* \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in Hungary

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Hungary compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54==5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48 .9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4?A75;

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

3" ( % ! 6

6 LKK) 65KA %122B&

# " % !"

% ! ! =* />&* ! " &3122B " 6@ '7 66 @ -@5

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

4 - 66@ 7 50 ! %!! " 6A 7 5E 6 6@#A @ 7 - 6 @ 7 5E !% ! % + 12A &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65& !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

% @' 7 5 5

% @' 7

/ 7 @

/ 7 6 @

/ 7 '

/ 7 ' 7

* !! ! \$ ! .%1&* % / C/C 7 5 I

! ( * 1 ! 66@ 7 6@ 6 !/2B &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths 5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B 9?85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( % ! =2&/A>! % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % % \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

5AB49;5?5 5<4;79A7;:97574;5<4;

< ! " % @ 76

6 > H 6% 2 ,))K+EGlobal Status ReportRoad Safety&.1222 !( % \$ ( !\$ %( /0A%&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 38\$54= 5 .779;79;:

5 7;> ?;D

% =.%C>& E #- =L.A> 66 @ 4 =K#A> 4 6 6 12& =.%C>% % % ( & % ! %%\$ % !! % & %!

% =% - ()'(- @ (6'(K @

5 (% %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 " =&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type. .5<48 74 9;74795?7

=CBA>%% \$ =.%B>& =1BA> =/MA> (( =//A>)\$ ) ! &

% ) ! % \$ & < ! ! /2%% ( %\$ \$ % % ! !%% !%(% ! % & * 4 6- 6 H =

> % \$ 8 & ( ( ! \$ %

% % : = ! ! " > 9 8\$ = ! ! "9>&* !

%%% \$ %(%) ( &

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

)55)&)55* 3

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

= G

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. &* \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in Iran

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Iran compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

% 7 6 - @ 3 % 12 =* />&3122B " ! ( ! " 3&9\$ 4 6 6 @ 7 - 7 66 - *66 - \$\$ ! 122J 1)# " % ! 3 % /2&JA! 7 46 - =,5(A>5

How did we compute these estimates?

<% %!% ! " \$ %% !( ! \$ % \$ !

Figure: 2 Developing a national snapshot of the burden of road injuries from all available data sources in Iran

. (

! \$ 1222 %\$ => 4 6..L- 6 6-K6, &' \$ 17 /& O ! !!

%\$NP=#\$ 9%7 O P O; P O )(P>> 1& O' ( @ E==T&7 =4 \$ %>> J& O'

NP =#\$ %7 O3\$P O<\$ PO P O;&P>

% 6

7 ',))6 7 + 6

7 - ,, - ' I-5& - 7 -122B\$" -3"+\$%\$(&

7 4 7 ! "= "> ' @ I -5& 7 66 39 !+ !"C0! \$ 7 - ,( 66@' 7 - 5 & 66@' 7

% %7

O =D)('D)-D).D)K>
O @6 =D()'D(K>
O &4'4 6 =D,)'D,K>
O & '4 6 =D#)'D#K>
O 4 =D-)'D-K>
O D =D6)'D6K>
O &* =D.)'D.K>
O =DL)'DLK>
O E @=DN)DN,DN#DN-DN6>5

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

=C1A> 3 % \$=.% B>& !1MA /CA! \$ &* %! % 3!\$ & % ) !\$&3 ( )( 8 \$ % 6 H H " &( % - @6 H 6 -!\$ %\$! ( &33! \$ % &*! 3122B ( !122/&

Figure 5: Road injury deaths by type of road-user .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Non-fatal road injuries

3 122B /&2M \$\$ =/&BA ! \$\$ > ! ! "!( ( \$ =,-N#-( 6 > =-K(#)L 6 > =,K)#,( 6 >5 6 )5,K66 6 4 6 &#!\$ \$ \$%

!! !! =.%M>&' (% !! " \$) %%\$ !/B1C

! %%&

Figure 6: Non-fatal road injuries disaggregated by age and type of medical care.

= 5 ' G, ' = G

Figure 7: Non-fatal road injuries by type of road-user and type of medical care. .5<48 5;B97=4

& 7 @@ ! \$ !! ! '6

=2- L>5+6 % % !! \$ 7 ! (( & ( ( % =,L5N> =665N> 66 7 =N5( /M&2 \$ >&* \$ \$ (( 3 \$\$! &

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. & * \$ !

% & ;% ( 3! 8 \$ \$&'%! 3 ! 8 =<8> \$ \$! ;() \$ 9 8 % ; ! ! \$ % &

Incidence of road injuries in Kazakhstan

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Hungary compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48 .9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths .5<489;74795?7

3" ( % ! 11 C2J -) 122B&

# " % ! " -)

=* (>5 ,))6 (LA 66 @ -)&

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

& 664 - 7 ) ! ! "-)&

Overview of data sources

! " -)% % !'< & '

!! " % !1221122J' &

Estimates of road injury deaths

<(! !% " -) ( \$ 7 %

! 76- 6% 2 ,))K+E Global Status Report Road Safety&'

% ! '< &* ! % & *\$ % + ! %\$ \$ !3 6! 646

=4>5

!1B! ( @ ,))L5+ 6@ 6@R @ 66 =,))-',))L>4 ! !39/2&

6 F 69)55- F

7 - #N- ' I-5& - 7 -122B\$" -3" +\$%\$ ( =4445-66 7 5->&

7 4 7 ! "= "> -3" +\$ %\$& ,! ! -) \$ '<

! 39/2 6@ 6

7 N ' - " &<!\$ ( \$ ! " &

3 ! 39/2 ! % \$ ( \$ ! \$ 66@ 7 - 5& 466 ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

< ! " -) (#A- ,))K+E Global Status Report Road Safety=.%1>&

Figure 2: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources .5<4;8 \$49:+..8 ⁶ \$49 +=5= .77<;B5475?5 . 7>>38 \$54= 5 .779;79;:

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.%J>& 6 #- =L#A> 66 @ 4 !=00A>(

12 @ 5 =2- #> - ,5L %%( &% ! %%\$% !! % & %!

% =%%\$/2 (-@ (6'(K@

5

-
- 1 ' (--1 ' & 2

9R* --K6 4 4 !' (\$!/22A 2&1A ! % \$ ! 1 "

&3 ! ' (\$ % !1 (\$ ! % % 7 4 '

- 5& \$1 \$ ! (% \$ 7 % % %\$ \$ ! \$ 1 \$ ! =% %% \$!

\$ \$

&' => /2! !'&

Non-fatal injuries by age, sex, and residence

< !1221122J'%% 122 222\$\$ -) ! 66@5& (5#A"K6A 4Q)5. '(5KA\$ 6

% " % %% ! ! 66@ - 7 6@ =2- C>& ( % !! " ( !! 66@ - 7 =2- 6>5 % @ %%% =/0CC> % !! - 7 5

Figure 4: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 5: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. &* \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in Latvia

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Latvia compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7 3" ( % ! 6

6 #,(. K5NA :122B&

# " % ! " : + ! ! =* />& 3 122B " !/BA! " :&

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

4 - 66@ 7 50 ! %!! " 6A 7 5E 6 6@#A @ 7 - 6 @ 7 5E !% ! % + 12A &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! "
52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65& !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7

* !! ! \$ ! .% 1& * % CB/ 7 5 I

! (* 1 ! " ( " \$ 7 66 5& 6 !CJ &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths 5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B 9?85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( : ! =2&0A>! % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % : \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " :% \$ \$ /2A%

\$ ,))K+EGlobal Status ReportRoad Safety!122M 1/A%\$ 3#.!122/&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 38\$54= 5 .779;79;:

Road deaths by age and sex-

% =.%C>& 6 #-=L#A> 66 @ 4 =K,A>4 6 6 12&=.%C>% %%( & % ! %%\$ % !! % & %!

% = - - ()'(-@ (6'(K@

5

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 " =&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

6 6 =-LA> ; - \$ =.% B>& *% ( \$ =#KA> 4 - N.A 66 " &

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

* ! ! " ! % \$ \$ \$ \$\$ &% \$ \$( )( \$ " ( ( % & \$ % ! \$ %

* - 6

7 \$ & ( ! \$\$ 76 4

6 ! !% \$ \$\$ & * \$\$ " !!! ! " \$ !\$ %&

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$! \$" ! ' )- # ! . &* \$

! % &

Incidence of road injuries in Mauritius

and the Netherlands.

/;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

.5<48 74 9;74795?7 3" ( % ! B2/ MA ! 122B&

# " % ! " + ! !

=* />&3122B " !!! " &

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

' 7 5& %%%! \$! % \$ ! % &' /C&BA!" 7 - 6 @ 7 ! % & < ! % ! % + 12A & 3 % &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I-5& ,( 66@' 7 %&*\$ !

6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " &. % !- - ( % ! f - - * \$ !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

* !! ! \$ ! .% J& * % /J1 7 5 I

! (* 1 ! " ( " \$ 7 66 5& 6 !12 &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths.

5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B9?85=8; 4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%& ( ! =2&BA>! % !! " + \$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % \$ & 3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

< ! " ,)A- @ 76- ,))K+E 66! % # !=.%J> ( \$ \$&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources.

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5= .77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 38 \$54=5 .779;79;:

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.%C>& < CB =01A> ! " ( =K#A> 4 6 6 12& =.%C>%

0
- !
-
- 1 ' (--1 ' & 2

3 J00M( ( \$ +!4 KNA 6@)5(A ! % \$! 1 "

&3 ! ' (\$ % !1 (\$ ! % % 7 4 '

- 5& \$1 \$ ! (% \$ 7 % % %\$ \$ ! \$ 1 \$ ! =% %% \$!

\$ \$

&' => /2! !'&

Non-fatal injuries by age, sex, and residence

< !1221122J'%% /0 222\$\$ ! 66@5& (56A"K6A 937/&21&2AG!\$\$ &

% " % %% ! ! 66@ - 7 6@ =2- 6>53 - 7 6@- '6 " (=.%M>& # " %%% =/0CC> % %\$ !! 66@ - 7 5 6 46 ! "% MB

(!%%\$ % 6 6@=2- L> - - - ! % &

Figure 5: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

Source: 2002/2003 World Health Survey

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. & * \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in Mexico

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Mexico compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54==5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48.9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

Rank	External Cause of Injury	Deaths
1	Road Injury	20339
2	Inter-personal	10722
3	Self-inflicted	4729
4	Other threats to breathing	4012
5	Falls	3602
6	Drowning	2994
7	Poisoning	1318
8	Other unintentional	1293
9	Fire	1155
10	Adverse effects of medical treatment	711
11	Animal contact	449
12	Forces of nature	365
13	Firearm	354
14	Rail Injury	218
15	Other transport	96
16	Sharp object	90
17	Machinery	88
18	Collective violence	0
19	Legal Intervention	0

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths .5<489;74795?7

3" ( % ! B1 BJM /2&MA! 66 3 I ,))65 % 7 % !" + % 4 @ 7 =* />&3122B " #KA 66 @ 3 I5

How did we compute these estimates?

<% %!% ! " \$ %% !( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 - 6

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ - - 6@ 7 5

All Cause Deaths	493957 cases
Unknown cause (R95-R99)		1.0% % of all-cause deaths
Injury Deaths	52536 cases
Unspecified mechanism		0.0% % of all injury deaths
Undetermined Intent		5.5% % of all injury deaths
Unintentional Injuries	35401 cases
Unspecified unintentional (X59)		19.8% % of all unintentional injury deaths
Transport	16398 cases
Unspecified transport		0.0% % of all transport deaths
Road Injuries	16148 cases
Unspecified road injury		27.1% % of all road injury deaths
Unspecified type of veh occup		35.1% % of all vehicle occupant deaths
Non-Transport	11982 cases
Unspecified non-transport		2.7% % of all non-transport deaths
Intentional	14160 cases
Inter-personal		9853 cases
Unspecified mechanism		15.2% % of all inter-personal deaths
Self-inflicted		4307 cases
Unspecified mechanism		1.4% % of all self-inflicted deaths
Legal Intervention		0 cases
Unspecified mechanism		1.4% % of all legal-intervention deaths
Collective Violence		0 cases

Table 2 Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65& !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

*!! ! \$ .% 1 ( ( % !

! \$&* - (.(-N 7 " %(& +\$ ! ! ( * 1 ! " % 66@ 7 5& ( 6 ' 7 66 5& ! 1JA " &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths25578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B9?: 85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

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&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

< ! " + 1CA - @76- ,))K+E66! % % ! @ =2- #>5& 76- '<\$\$ ; 3 ! -%\$ 3!&.%J \$ !( =3 3 # . > \$ \$%&* \$(!

% \$\$+ 6@7 - @6 5

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources. .5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5= .77<;B5475?5 . 7>> =#95 = ' 9

Road deaths by age and sex

+ % =2- ->5 6 #-=L,A> 66 @ 4 #- =LNA>4 6 12&=.%C>% #5L - 4 665 3 % ! %%\$% ! ! % & %!

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5 (% %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 "=&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths type of road-user

=CBA> + %\$ =.%B>&9 \$ \$

C2A! ! & % ! BA! 122B \$ %+ &% 122M ( 1222&* %(% ! % + \$ & % ) !\$&3 ( )( 8 \$ % 6 H H " &( % - @6 H 6 -!\$ %\$!: ( &

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

* !! " ! %\$ \$ \$ \$\$ &% \$ \$ ( )( \$ " ( ( % & \$ % ! \$ %

\$ ! * - 6

7 @ @ 6 54 6 76 ( % !! !%

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

% @ - 7 6@ - -

4 L)A %% ! =.%M>& 3 - 7 6@ - '6 @ 4 =2- L>5% @ - 7 6@- -@ - 6 =(N' CC>! %%\$ =.%0>& 3 ( ! " % MB ( %% % =.%C>% \$%% ! % &

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. & * \$ !

% &'%! + @ 6 =! P !6> 66@ D !3 C - ! 3!=-3>!\$ % 6@ 7 " + &* ( \$ (+!!!-3 ! % \$ ! &

Deaths from Injuries Mexico 2005												Male
Intent	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1–4	5–9					10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84										85+	All Ages
		Pedestrian	9	228	179	187	432	545	552	537 515	546	455	439	396	368	355	339	308	266	273	6930
		Bicyclist	2	0	8	36	45	35	42	37 55	35	35	31	52	32	25	24	10	17	7	527
		Two-wheeler rider	2	2	2	18	116	198	178	61 103	62	35	38	10	10	5	5	0	4	0	849
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	2	3	0	3	3 0	0	0	0	217 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
	Road Injury	Car occupant Van occupant	23 2	66 10	69 8	126 13	709 75	1038 91	871 81	638 48 753 55	513 49	406 46	319 25	10	128 20	131 24	79 5	41 5	29 2	36 0	6193 569
		Truck occupant	0	4	0	2	10	19	24	21 33	5	14	8	13	5	5	2	0	2	0	169
		Bus occupant	0	0	6	2	10	14	19	13 14	5	8	6	8	10	5	2	2	2	3	132
		Other road injury	0	2	31	27	21	41	41	35 33	24	19	36	39	35	19	24	10	17	9	462
	Rail		0	1	1	0	9	25	24	19 31	15	6	7	10	4	6	9	8	3	9	187
	Other transport		0	0	0	1	1	14	15	10 10	11	15	4	0	3	1	1	1	2	0	90
	Falls		24	61	29	20	71	111	115	142 149	167	172	198	178	170	211	161	171	167	264	2580
Unintentional	Threats to breathing	Drowning	22	253	109	148	347	296	202	139 241	142	126	113	77	89	67	43	49	31	44	2539
		Other threats	629	133	50	57	99	120	123	190 147	161	160	144	119	117	107	85	65	55	104	2667
	Fire		14	55	19	13	40	51	44	31 55	50	32	30	37	42	28	45	43	56	65	748
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object Firearm	0 0	0 1	4 0	13 1	28 7	56 5	44 11	34 8 29 9	28 7	11 11	11 1	17 6	21 3	9 3	0 2	5 0	7 2	0 0	318 78
		Machinery	0	3	1	4	8	10	7	12 7	10	5	5	1	4	4	0	2	0	0	85
		Gases	4	21	17	10	8	28	23	17 25	19	23	12	15	16	12	12	16	14	7	299
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	7	4	1	5	7	3	8 8	3	14	4	5	10	7	5	3	0	2	95
		Other poisons	4	10	0	8	35	57	64	78 86	51	36	22	20	8	12	10	6	5	6	517
	Adverse medical effects		10	8	2	4	8	8	7	6 9	12	19	13	17	25	23	33	22	26	28	280
	Animal contact		8	24	9	8	7	8	10	11 16	15	17	21	20	25	23	34	33	22	37	349
	Forces of nature		1	0	2	18	15	31	20	20 22	24	28	35	15	11	14	18	19	8	4	307
	Other		4	35	34	40	114	131	130	138 123	93	74	75	60	33	35	15	11	6	12	1163
	Falls		0	0	0	0	0	2	3	1 2	0	2	1	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	15
	Threats to breathing	Drowning	0	0	0	0	2	5	3	1 1	5	1	0	1	0	0	0	2	0	1	23
		Other threats	0	0	0	102	336	495	445	290 396	243	170	132	100	60	52	50	31	40	18	2960
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0 1	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	7
Self- inflicted	Mechanical forces	Sharp object Firearm	0 0	0 0	0 0	7 0	52 1	70 6	76 4	48 4 49 8	45 1	39 11	35 4	22 2	27 2	14 2	29 1	24 3	21 3	11 3	569 57
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1 2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	12	21	11	12 12	9	7	11	11	7	8	5	2	2	0	128
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	8	27	17	20 10	13	9	6	9	3	5	1	4	3	2	135
	Other		0	0	0	0	0	2	1	3 4	1	0	4	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	20
	Falls		0	2	0	2	6	7	9	2 7	9	9	17	13	18	9	4	2	9	3	128
		Drowning	2	15	6	7	25	23	16	11 9	11	11	13	8	8	2	3	0	0	4	172
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	26	6	7	31	66	103	96	64 77	59	53	29	31	19	19	14	5	12	0	719
	Fire		0	3	0	1	3	9	12	11 4	4	3	4	6	1	3	1	2	0	2	70
		Firearm	2	8	17	67	437	798	940	762 909	586	430	307	226	169	109	44	48	19	11	5888
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	4	8	3	14	182	289	245	187 203	158	132	100	77	79	58	50	28	14	17	1849
		Gases	0	2	2	3	0	0	1	1 0	0	0	0	1	0	0	3	0	0	0	13
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	9
		Other drugs	0	2	0	4	0	4	6	1 8	0	0	3	4	2	1	0	2	0	0	38
	Other		8	19	11	6	22	42	41	50 45	32	41	27	21	26	14	21	9	3	13	452
Collective violence			0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Mechanical forces	Firearm
Legal intervention	Other

Source: Estimates based on analysis of death registration data

											Female
Intent	Broad category	Specific	1–4 < 1	5–9										10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84						85+ All Ages	Total Both Sexes
		Pedestrian	152 6	83	89	112	96	99	98	89	101	85	121	106	125	118	150	139 180	171	2121	9052
		Bicyclist	3 2	2	5	0	2	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0 0	7	27	554
		Two-wheeler rider	3 0	0	7	37	13	5	15	3	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	6 0	0	93	942
		Three-wheeler occupant	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	10
	Road Injury	Car occupant	66 32	68	86	218	220	226	146	159	117	116	105	81	83	57	52	50 40	28	1948	8141
		Van occupant	3 0	15	0	13	5	8	6	6	7	14	5	5	8	0	0	0 4	5	104	673
		Truck occupant	5 3	2	0	11	13	5	3	3	12	7	5	2	5	2	0	0 0	0	80	249
		Bus occupant	3 0	7	5	14	11	5	0	3	8	5	8	5	0	12	0	0 0	0	85	217
		Other road injury	0 0	9	5	3	3	3	3	3	0	2	0	5	0	0	0	0 0	5	39	501
	Rail		1 0	0	0	1	4	4	1	5	3	2	1	0	0	2	2	2 0	3	31	218
	Other transport		0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0 0	0	6	96
	Falls		30 16	18	14	10	19	16	8	18	12	21	22	32	25	47	64	158 92	401	1022	3602
Unintentional		Drowning	129 7	53	56	44	24	18	15	17	14	13	5	11	13	6	6	5 6	11	455	2994
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	102 518	23	30	55	40	36	30	26	16	28	27	21	18	32	37	53 49	205	1346	4012
	Fire		22 10	6	5	9	13	13	14	12	15	14	14	19	10	12	23	67 31	98	407	1155
		Firearm	1 0	4	3	5	4	3	5	3	3	1	1	1	2	0	0	0 0	0	36	354
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	1 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	1	0	0	1	2	0 0	4	12	90
		Machinery	1 0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	4	88
		Gases	16 1	11	12	8	10	14	9	11	10	9	6	6	4	4	4	2 4	16	158	457
	Poisoning	Pesticides	1 0	1	3	7	7	1	3	0	0	4	1	2	0	1	0	2 0	4	38	133
		Other poisons	12 2	5	6	8	18	12	11	14	11	16	9	3	4	13	16	17 10	24	212	728
	Adverse medical effects		7 1	2	8	8	4	5	11	6	15	17	13	28	21	42	40	46 45	111	432	711
	Animal contact		33 5	1	2	2	1	1	0	0	2	1	3	3	7	9	9	2 8	11	100	449
	Forces of nature		1 3	2	1	4	1	1	4	3	2	2	1	4	5	1	7	2 4	8	58	365
	Other		24 2	14	6	7	3	4	12	8	9	6	3	5	3	3	3	9 4	4	130	1293
	Falls		0 0	0	1	1	0	2	1	1	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	9	24
		Drowning	0 0	0	0	0	2	0	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0 0	0	7	30
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	0 0	0	48	105	76	61	43	40	30	23	20	15	6	6	8	2 4	1	488	3448
	Fire		0 0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	2	9
Self- inflicted		Firearm	0 0	0	6	20	10	12	9	5	6	6	7	1	1	2	1	0 0	0	87	655
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	2 0	0	5	62
		Gases	0 0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	1	3	9
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0 0	0	4	27	11	12	7	6	6	2	3	4	2	0	0	1 0	0	87	215
		Other drugs	0 0	0	4	18	26	18	13	6	7	9	4	6	2	1	1	0 1	0	115	251
	Other		0 0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0 0	0	7	27
	Falls		1 0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1 4	5	21	149
	Threats to breathing	Drowning	6 6	2	0	3	0	2	0	1	6	2	0	0	0	3	0	1 0	1	34	206
		Other threats	10 13	3	35	55	44	36	29	26	13	13	5	6	8	11	7	4 12	4	335	1054
	Fire		3 2	5	1	1	2	6	3	3	5	1	4	0	1	0	1	1 0	3	43	113
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Firearm	11 0	11	18	60	77	53	67	47	46	40	35	24	11	8	10	2 2	4	525	6413
		Sharp object	3 4	8	10	14	43	42	33	33	20	15	16	13	9	12	9	0 15	1	299	2148
		Gases	3 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0 0	0	4	17
	Poisoning	Pesticides	1 0	0	1	0	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	7	15
		Other drugs	0 0	0	3	5	1	0	2	1	3	0	0	0	2	0	0	0 3	1	21	59
	Other		12 10	8	4	5	3	1	7	3	5	1	5	6	5	2	4	3 2	9	96	548
Collective violence			0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0
Legal intervention	Mechanical forces	Firearm
	Other

Incidence of road injuries in Mozambique

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Mozambique compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands.

/;79A7;4 547>4- 54==5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

*! (% ) !! "1&* "

&* ( \$ ( !! ! "&

Overview of data sources

! " 1 % ! " ! \$ \$ &' %%% ! + %\$ 9 6 3@ =(KK-',))#> U %\$ =!!> 6 =(KKK',))(>5+

! ! " % ! 122J1%\$ => " ! \$ 9 \$ 3" 122/ 1221&

Estimates of road injury deaths

<(! !% " 1 \$ 7 \$ 9 \$ \$ &3

Table 1: Distribution of injury deaths recorded at the Maputo Central Hospital mortuary between 1994 and 2003.

.5<48B<75 ?74=45;B97=A547<4>7

Table 2: Distribution of injury deaths recorded at the Manhica HDSS between 1999 and 2001

=5 M ==

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " 1 4 76- @ ,))K+E66! % % ! ; 3 ! # ! =.% #>5& 76 - \$ &' ! \$ !! " \$ ) \$ -7 @6 5

Figure 2: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources.

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 5185795?=?;797<7 545 . 7>

Road injury death rates in urban and rural areas

' ( ! \$\$ ! 1 %%\$ &* " =.%J> =1J&1\$/22222\$\$ >( % \$\$ =//&J> % =/B&J>&

Figure 3: Road injury death rates in urban and rural areas of Mozambique.

=5 ; G #"- M == ' A547<4>

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

*\$ !! " ! %\$ \$ \$ \$\$ & % \$ \$( )( \$ " ( ( % &\$ %!\$ %

\$! * - 6

7 @ @ 6 54 6 76 ( % !! !% \$ \$\$ &* \$\$ " ! !! ! " \$ !\$%&

Figure 4: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas. 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55* = J !#G

' !! " 1% !3" ! 122J%\$ => \$ 1 &;

122J1 1 " & ( " ( 122J 1&* \$\$\$ 6 ' 6 @ @ .#-K. & * 1 ! "7"

' 122J 3" 1 " ( ! (% ! " 1! 7

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- --- ----- - - -! / / /
- -- - -- -- -- )+ !
- !-- " -- - -- --- " # .3/!
- !-- ----- -- -" # .3/!

* ( % => /2&

Figure 5: Incidence of road injuries among men and women. 95% CI are shown-

=5 )55* = J !#G

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups. 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55* = J !#G

< ! 122J %% \$\$+ 6@ (K#))) 6 3R ! & * \$ (5#A"K6A4Q)5N'(5NA\$ 6

.% C " % ! ! 66@ - 7 6@- - =(5LA"K6A4Q)5K-',5-A\$> -6

Incidence of road injuries in Slovenia

.5<48.9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7 3" ( % ! 6

6 (-#6 L5.A 66 122B&# " % !" ! ! =* />& * ! " & 3 ,))6 6@ '7 66 " &

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! (=Q 5-66 7 5->&

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

% ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65& !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7

* !! ! \$ ! .% 1& * % 1M/ 7 5 I ! ( * 1 ! 66@ 7 -

&* !/J &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths.

5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B9?85=8; 4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( ! =/&0A>! % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources.

.5<4;8\$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>>

38\$54= 5 .779;79;:

Comparison of our estimates with other sources-

<! " 6 @76- ,))K+E66! % # !=.%J>&

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.% ->5 6 #- =L#A> 66 @ 4 =K)A>4 6 6 12& =.%C>% % % ( & % ! %%\$ % !! % & %!

% =% - ()'(- @ (6'(K @

5 %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups.

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 " =&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

! !

% \$ =.% B>& \$

/MA &

% ) \$ & < ! ! %% ( % \$ \$ % ! ! %% !%(% ! % & * 4 6- 6 H =

> % \$ 8 & ( ( ! \$ %

% % : = ! ! " > 9 8\$ = ! ! "9>&* !

%% \$ %(%) ( &

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. &* \$ !

% &

	Deaths from Injuries Slovenia 2005
												Male
	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1–4	5–9	10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84													85+	All Ages
		Pedestrian	0	1	0	1	0 0	1	1	1	2	1	1	0	2	2	1	3	0 0	18
		Bicyclist	0	0	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	3	0	1	2	2	2	0	0	0 1	13
		Two-wheeler rider	0	0	0	0	9 3	8	6	1	2	5	3	0	0	0	1	0	2 1	41
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	2
	Road Injury	Car occupant	0	1	1	1	14 12	16	5	11	6	4	13	3	1	1	5	1	0 2	98
		Van occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0 0	3
		Truck occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	3
		Bus occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Rail	Other road injury	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	2 2 0 1	0 0	2 0	0 0	0 1	5 2	1 0	2 0	2 1	2 0	0 0	1 0	2 0 0	22
																			0	5
	Other transport		0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 3 0 1	4 0	0 1	0 2	0 4	0	1 9	20 1	12 0	24 0	28 0	23 0	0 11 0	3
	Falls	Drowning	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	0	0	5 6	1	1	1	2	0	1	29 0 1	175 15
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	2	0	2	5	0	2	1	3	3	0	0 0	19
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0 0	1	0	1	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	2	0 0	7
		Firearm	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Machinery	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	2	0	0 0	6
	Poisoning	Pesticides Gases	0 0	0 0	0 0	1 0	0 0 0 0	0 0	0 0	1 0	0 0	1 0	0 0	0 0	3 0	0 0	0 0	1 0	0 0 0 1	8 0
		Other poisons	0	0	0	0	5 3	7	0	7	3	3	0	1	0	0	2	0	0 0	31
	Adverse medical effects		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	1	0	0	1	5	2	3	4	7	2 5	31
	Animal contact		0	0	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0 0	2
	Forces of nature		0	0	0	0	0 1	0	0	0	1	3	4	2	1	1	4	1	0 0	19
	Other		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	4	2	0	6	1	1	2	0	1	1	0 0	18
	Falls		0	0	0	0	4 1	3	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0 3	20
	Threats to breathing	Drowning	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	0	4	1	6	1	4	0	0	1	0 0	18
	Fire	Other threats	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	14 0 2 0	16 1	13 0	14 0	29 2	29 1	31 0	15 0	26 0	23 0	13 0	21 0	4 0 0 1	252 4
		Firearm	0	0	0	0	2 1	4	3	0	2	5	7	2	4	4	5	7	2 1	52
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	2	2	2	0	1 0	10
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	4	3	3	2	0	0	2	1	0	0	0	1 0	17
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	3 0	7	4	3	2	3	3	1	1	2	0	0	0 0	29
	Other		0	0	0	0	2 1	4	2	0	2	1	3	0	2	0	0	0	0 0	17
	Falls		0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0 0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0 0	0
	Threats to breathing	Drowning																	0	0
	Fire	Other threats	0 0	0 0	0 0	1 0	0 0 0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0 0 0	0 1
		Firearm	0	0	0	0	0 0	2	1	0	5	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0 0	9
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	1 1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	3
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Other		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	1
Collective violence			0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Mechanical forces	Firearm
Legal intervention	Other

Source: Estimates based on analysis of death registration data

												Female
Intent	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1–4	5–9				10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84											85+ All Ages	Total Both Sexes

		Pedestrian	0	1	3	0	1 2	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	3	3	5	1	25 2	43
		Bicyclist	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	2	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	8 0	20
		Two-wheeler rider	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2 0	43
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	2
	Road Injury	Car occupant	0	2	1	0	5 0	6	4	3	4	5	0	0	1	2	3	1	1	40 1	138
		Van occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	3
		Truck occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	3
		Bus occupant	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Other road injury	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	22
	Rail		0	0	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	3 0	8
	Other transport		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	3
	Falls		0	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	0	2	0	4	4	2	4	14	24	41	172 76	347
Unintentional		Drowning	0	1	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	2	0	5 0	19
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	1	1	1	1	11 3	30
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	7 2	14
		Firearm	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Machinery	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	6
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2 1	10
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Other poisons	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	4 0	35
	Adverse medical effects		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	4	5	8	8	32 3	63
	Animal contact		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1 0	3
	Forces of nature		0	0	0	1	0 0	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	3	1	12 1	30
	Other		0	0	0	1	0 3	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	8 0	26
	Falls		0	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	1	2	1	0	2	0	1	1	0	1	10 0	30
		Drowning	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	2	0	0	0	2	1	2	2	3	1	2	15 0	34
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	0	0	0	1	0 0	1	3	3	3	2	10	5	4	12	7	9	3	64 1	317
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	4
Self- inflicted	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1 0	53
		Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1 0	11
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	1	1	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	5 0	22
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2 0	2
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	2 0	1	1	4	1	1	3	0	0	1	5	0	1	20 1	49
	Other		0	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	4 0	21
	Falls		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Threats to breathing	Drowning	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Other threats	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	1
	Fire		0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	0	0	0	0 1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	2 0	11
		Sharp object	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	5 0	8
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
	Other		0	0	0	0	1 0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2 0	3
Collective violence			0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0
Legal intervention	Mechanical forces	Firearm
	Other

Incidence of road injuries in Spain

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Spain compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands.

/;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7 3" ( %! 6

6 (.K), -5-A \$122B& # " % !" \$ + ! ! =* /> % !" &3122B " ! ! " \$&

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 5& 766 - - - @ - 7 - 6

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

' 1 ! % !! 66@ 7 - 5 4 &6 , '=,L5(A> 7 - ' 7 5 6 (-5)A @ 7 - " " 7 5+6 6 - !% ! % + 12A & 3 % &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " &. %!- - ( % ! - - - * \$ !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

* !! ! \$ ! 2- #5& - -L,# 7 5 I ! (* 1 ! " ( " \$ 7 66 5& 6 !/1A " &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths.

5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B9?85=8; 4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&(
\$ ! =/&CA>! % !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % \$ \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

< ! " \$ 1/A - @76- ,))K+E66! % % !=.%J>&* \$ \$&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources.

.5<4;8 \$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475?5 . 7>> 38\$54= 5 .779;79;:

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.%C>& E #- =LKA> 66 @ 4 =K)A>4 6 6 ,) & =.% C> % ! % % ( & % ! %%\$ % !! % & %!

% =% - ()'(- @ (6'(K @

5 (% %% &

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 " =&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups.

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths by type of road-user

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type. .5<48 74 9;74795?7

< !!

=B1A>\$ % \$=.%B>& =11A> =/MA> \$ )!&

MB (!%%\$ % =.%C>% \$%% ! % &

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. & * \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in Sri Lanka

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Sri Lanka compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;2

! "## \$% & #

Rank	External Cause of Injury	Deaths
1	Self-inflicted (suicide)	4570
2	Collective violence	2173
3	Road Injury	1937
4	Drowning	1030
5	Falls	971
6	Inter-personal (homicide)	737
7	Other unintentional	419
8	Fire	407
9	Animal contact	383
10	Other threats to breathing 302
11	Rail	216
12	Forces of nature	178
13	Mechanical forces	127
14	Adverse effects of medical treatment	71
15	Poisoning	69
16	Other transport	1
17	Legal intervention	0

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths .5<489;74795?7

3" ( % ! 6 6 (#6K( ((5NA ! :)122J&# " % ! " :) ! ! =* />& 3122J " ! \$\$+ /CA! " :)&

How did we compute these estimates?

<% % !% ! " \$ %% !( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 - 6

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ - - 6@ 7 5 . % \$ ! %

All Cause Deaths	115495 cases
Unknown cause (R90-R99)		23.0% % of all-cause deaths
Injury Deaths	13591 cases
Unspecified mechanism		0.0% % of all injury deaths
Undetermined Intent		0.4% % of all injury deaths
Unintentional Injuries		6059 cases
Unspecified unintentional (X59)		6.9% % of all unintentional injury deaths
Transport		1980 cases
Unspecified transport		0.0% % of all transport deaths
Road Injuries		1781 cases
Unspecified road injury		76.0% % of all road injury deaths
Unspecified type of veh occup		0.0% % of all vehicle occupant deaths
Non-Transport		3660 cases
Unspecified non-transport		0.0% % of all non-transport deaths
Intentional		7320 cases
Inter-personal		727 cases
Unspecified mechanism		25.0% % of all inter-personal deaths
Self-inflicted		4467 cases
Unspecified mechanism		1.7% % of all self-inflicted deaths
Legal Intervention		0 cases
Unspecified mechanism		0.0% % of all legal-intervention deaths
Collective Violence		2126 cases

Table 2 Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data. .5<48 74 9;74795?7

" :)& ( ! ! %

" ' 7 5

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

S dh d

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65& !! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7

*!! ! \$ .% 1 ( ( % !

! \$&* - (LN( 7 "%(&+\$ ! ! (* 1 ! " % 66@ 7 5& ( " 7 66 5& 6 K56A @ 5

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths25578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B9?: 85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2 .5<489;74795?7

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&3 :) 1 =* 1> ! % !! " &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % :) \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " :) 6 @76- ,))K+E66! % % ! @ 6 =2- #>5& 76- '<\$ \$ \$&< ! " (

\$%\$ &( \$( % \$ ! ! ! 7 @6 ! ; *5

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources. .5<4;8

\$49:+..8 6 \$49 +=5= .77<;B5475?5 . 7>

Road deaths by age and sex

:) % =.%C>&<CB =0JA> ! " ( CB=0/A>!(

12&=.%C>% 7 - 4 665 3 % ! %%\$% ! ! % & %!

% =%%\$/2 (-@ (6'(K@

5 (% %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups .5<489;74795?7

% +\$

( & . \$ % !! 6 - I 7 - (%))%& - 6@ H ! +\$ \$ ! &' +\$ 7 6 4 - - 6 "=&& ) ! ! > % % (%&

Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups .5<48 74 9;74795?7

Road deaths type of road-user

% \$ ( -- - 7 ' %& ( :) % ! ! =1CA * 1> ! 7 7 ' @ 5& - % ! % %% % ) &( ! % (\$ ' 7 ! ; )&* .%B\$ ! " \$ & =JMA> :) %\$ =2- 6>5D 6 6 ! " &

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type .5<48A5=9 7

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

* !! " ! %\$ \$ \$ \$\$ &% \$ \$ ( )( \$ " ( ( % & \$ % ! \$ %

\$ !

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 8: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown.

=5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

6- @ - 7 6@ - % ! ! =2- .>53 - 7 6@ - '6 @ 4 =2- L> (\$ !%& # " % % % =/0CC > %\$ !! 66@ - 7 =2- N>5 6 ( ! "% MB ( % % % =.%C> % \$%% ! % &

Acknowledgements

* \$ \$\$ 12/2!3 !3"9 !&-; \$\$ ' ) 9 3 ! 8 ( ! \$ & * \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # ! . & * \$

! % &'%! 3 5! % D6 ,!#%- \$! :)!\$ % ) (! ! !:)&' )! & 8-%

!& -%! \$ % ! &

Deaths from Injuries Sri Lanka - 2003

												Male
Intent	Broad category	Specific	< 1	1–4	5–9						10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84									85+	All Ages
		Pedestrian	19	207	354	376	528	828	882	936	1032 983	1052	903	722	648	511	500	436	289	248	11455
		Bicyclist	2	8	37	94	174	158	184	154	194 151	207	158	143	108	101	70	36	27	8	2014
		Two-wheeler rider	0	8	13	46	1029	1980	1550	1051	632 833	399	266	128	90	53	28	16	7	13	8145
		Three-wheeler occupant	0	0	0	1	6	2	2	5	0 5	2	2	5	0	2	0	0	0	0	29
	Road Injury	Car occupant	26	72	94	144	625	1322	1111	1019	738 829	683	524	362	261	210	138	94	55	21	8328
		Van occupant	5	1	6	5	21	48	40	39	46 51	35	21	11	15	9	4	3	6	0	367
		Truck occupant	0	3	9	11	55	105	133	99	122 136	108	82	52	43	17	9	4	1	3	992
		Bus occupant	0	6	1	3	15	15	24	12	17 14	24	8	9	7	5	3	3	4	0	171
		Other road injury	2	14	18	24	40	47	72	66	82 88	43	75	47	56	35	28	22	7	5	771
	Rail		0	0	0	12	28	35	44	30	23 25	19	18	13	11	4	5	6	1	1	275
	Other transport		0	0	1	2	4	6	17	19	9 11	16	5	6	2	7	1	0	0	1	108
	Falls		35	50	57	81	106	178	214	306	493 381	442	486	408	355	375	340	376	377	601	5657
Unintentional	Threats to breathing	Drowning	21	358	309	495	950	777	588	531	438 514	366	287	185	161	113	83	54	26	14	6268
		Other threats	424	80	38	32	28	48	53	43	63 58	50	58	53	50	48	45	54	50	88	1363
	Fire		15	61	24	13	26	31	46	57	75 71	49	56	52	28	48	39	34	30	40	796
		Firearm	1	5	7	21	30	41	24	26	23 18	13	9	4	6	5	5	1	3	1	243
	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	1	2	0	1	7	13	10	6	8 6	2	9	6	6	1	2	1	1	1	84
		Machinery	0	1	2	5	10	15	12	13	15 12	18	7	1	6	5	0	0	0	1	123
		Gases	1	1	0	0	3	3	3	3	0 0	1	2	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	21
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	5	3	1	1	3	0	3	6 0	4	7	5	3	3	0	0	1	2	46
		Other poisons	3	12	0	7	19	20	19	26	8 24	16	9	5	0	7	5	2	2	4	187
	Adverse medical effects		14	8	5	2	10	10	15	9	12 25	37	38	36	64	67	85	87	66	75	666
	Animal contact		0	25	18	8	2	6	6	9	21 9	18	25	20	21	19	19	21	12	8	267
	Forces of nature		28 1	81 1	50 6	10 86	185 17	255 23	280 14	266 14	235 14 281 8	219 11	185 9	106 5	71 5	66 7	41 1	19 1	12 1	0	149
	Other																			17	2483
	Falls		0	0	0	0	18	34	29	23	26 19	17	9	7	8	11	8	2	4	5	222
	Threats to breathing	Other threats Drowning	0 0	0 0	0 0	47 2	288 6	568 15	518 9	456 13	509 7 476 7	424 10	349 4	299 8	221 5	175 4	146 7	109 1	72 0	42 4	4697 103
	Fire		0	0	0	0	5	6	7	9	10 16	9	6	4	7	4	4	6	4	4	102
		Firearm	0	0	2	3	95	162	152	128	110 125	85	86	68	74	36	38	26	31	23	1245
Self- inflicted	Mechanical forces	Sharp object	0	0	0	0	2	9	8	15	8 16	14	5	10	7	9	8	3	0	3	116
		Gases	0	0	0	1	2	1	0	4	2 1	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	18
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	1	0	2	16	56	56	61	66 58	69	45	36	27	21	16	8	5	4	548
		Other drugs	0	0	0	0	30	50	74	62	77 72	59	48	45	34	13	12	8	5	8	597
	Other		0	0	0	0	6	21	15	15	20 21	12	7	7	8	13	1	2	2	2	153
	Falls		0	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	2 2	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	12
		Drowning	0	2	4	0	4	8	9	6	5 4	4	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	50
	Threats to breathing	Other threats	9	6	8	12	54	64	65	54	52 56	28	20	23	15	13	9	3	2	6	501
	Fire		2	1	0	0	13	17	19	12	7 17	16	18	0	6	7	2	4	2	2	145
Inter-personal	Mechanical forces	Firearm	6	28	38	345	6379	8697	6600	4239	2108 2958	1451	1002	612	374	229	132	87	25	11	35319
		Sharp object	1	6	12	51	851	1401	1224	947	610 863	469	320	228	139	114	55	49	38	23	7401
		Gases	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Poisoning	Pesticides	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	3
		Other drugs	0	2	4	2	2	0	2	5	0 3	2	0	2	0	0	3	0	0	0	25
	Other		36	17	9	28	288	475	525	452	414 426	317	225	201	120	116	74	66	40	20	3852
Collective violence			0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Legal intervention
	Mechanical forces	Firearm	0	1	0	10	167	205	99	38	8 22	8	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	565

Source: Estimates based on analysis of death registration data

| 468
253
819
308
120
275
132
270
358
177
351
154
208
146
849
206
785
187
569
32
91
35
56
21
14
71
35
4
1
5
0
85+ All Ages
2870
3619
2389
1059
2357
1061
256
956
101
128
897
441
837
384
128
905
105
145
301
476
284
550
82
47
32
13
32
15
11
83
91
28
51
29
53
21
42
10
4
3
7
9
2
2
1
2
0
0
1118
163
171
74
32
49
17
12
0
5
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
7
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
6
2
0
0
0
4
4
0
0
0
2
0
3
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80-84
127
490
27
64
18
99
10
12
10
23
2
0
2
2
2
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
5
0
0
5
7
3
1
1
0
0
5
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
232
373
113
66
12
66
29
15
10
21
2
3
0
0
0
7
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
3
4
1
6
1
3
0
1
3
0
0
8
2
9
8
0
0
4
0
0
0
263
247
68
17
38
36
75
10
22
12
11
13
14
23
6
0
4
4
0
0
0
2
0
0
8
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
3
5
0
3
3
2
244
144
82
36
14
28
13
23
81
33
23
23
1
1
0
1
1
3
3
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
8
1
6
1
3
5
1
0
7
7
2
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
216
102
11
85
25
26
16
72
12
40
19
35
25
21
9
0
0
3
5
2
0
0
0
0
4
3
5
4
0
7
4
0
0
7
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
193
118
17
60
25
23
42
23
54
14
23
39
22
26
21
11
6
0
6
3
3
2
3
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
5
2
8
3
6
6
2
0
3
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
210
137
24
24
16
14
49
31
25
27
37
91
12
40
13
81
42
17
0
9
2
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
5
2
9
4
6
4
0
8
3
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
166
262
145
27
13
11
43
36
15
17
37
17
86
14
21
37
15
69
42
9
0
3
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
6
0
7
6
7
3
0
4
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
234
168
181
70
44
18
20
24
17
82
12
17
37
46
17
88
48
21
51
11
0
4
9
4
3
3
0
3
1
2
0
3
8
3
4
2
2
1
4
0
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
195
202
234
136
21
60
17
38
45
22
21
23
13
86
15
16
36
52
17
46
0
6
9
6
0
1
7
2
0
0
0
1
1
2
1
8
4
0
4
0
1
8
0
0
2
0
0
0
173
108
197
299
138
19
13
57
13
19
13
18
16
97
12
17
34
44
27
48
6
6
4
0
7
7
7
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
3
1
2
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
238
147
254
357
178
28
16
54
16
16
28
18
13
13
92
10
31
45
22
59
0
4
9
3
3
0
1
1
1
1
1
8
1
1
7
3
1
0
1
0
4
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
217
233
302
419
147
38
19
18
13
22
59
11
31
12
81
22
38
60
10
48
31
0
2
2
7
2
0
0
0
0
5
8
2
2
4
4
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
212
204
256
105
367
30
12
10
26
13
82
16
44
62
35
95
33
2
9
6
5
3
1
9
3
9
9
1
0
1
1
4
3
2
5
6
0
1
8
0
2
4
0
1
0
0
2
0
180
184
27
26
84
21
14
20
32
11
10
22
88
38
17
0
6
8
3
1
1
0
8
1
0
0
0
0
1
4
6
2
2
0
1
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5–9
206
126
20
72
25
20
32
28
10
25
0
4
6
4
2
8
9
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
1–4
130
192
47
43
64
43
14
49
10
29
11
11
6
9
0
4
3
0
6
0
1
2
0
1
4
3
5
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
6
3
0
0
2
0
0
0
282
< 1
14
30
31
14
26
21
26
2
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
2
4
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
Three-wheeler occupant
Two-wheeler rider
Other road injury
Truck occupant
Van occupant
Other poisons
Car occupant
Bus occupant
Other threats
Other threats
Other threats
Sharp object
Sharp object
Sharp object
Other drugs
Other drugs
Pedestrian
Machinery
Pesticides
Pesticides
Pesticides
Specific
Drowning
Drowning
Drowning
Bicyclist
Firearm
Firearm
Firearm
Firearm
Gases
Gases
Gases
Adverse medical effects
Threats to breathing
Threats to breathing
Threats to breathing
Broad category
Mechanical forces
Mechanical forces
Mechanical forces
Mechanical forces
Forces of nature
Other transport
Animal contact
Road Injury
Poisoning
Poisoning
Poisoning
Other
Other
Other
Other
Falls
Falls
Falls
Rail
Fire
Fire
Fire
Collective violence
Legal intervention
Inter-personal
Unintentional
Self- |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|--|--| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | inflicted
Intent | | | | | | | Female | | | | | Total Both | --------|--|--|--|--|------------| | | | | | Sexes | | | | | | 15074 | | | | | | 2270 | | | | | | 9100 | | | | | | | | | | | | 10717 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1120 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8527 | | | | | | 7327 | | | | | | 2260 | | | | | | 1237 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1503 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2866 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5602 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1389 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1073 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 37676 | | | | | | 8462 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4402 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Incidence of road injuries in Uruguay

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in Uruguay compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands. /;79A7;4 547>4- 54== 5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2.5<48.9?989<=54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;

TABLE 1: Leading causes of injury deaths

3" ( % ! 6

6 (K)) .A 66 ,%122C&' \$ ( ! \$ " % ! ,%&

# " % ! " ,% + ! ! =* />& 3 122C " ! ! ! " ,%&

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$ 6@ - - 6@ 7 &.% \$! % \$ ( ! 4 =Q 5-66 7 5->5 & 664 - 7

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data .5<48 74 9;74795?7

6 @ 7 5 ' ! % = !% ! % + 12A > % &

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&*\$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65& !! "&<

664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

* !! ! \$ ! .% 1& * % JBJ 7 5 I ! (* 1 ! " ( " \$ 7 66 5& 6 !/22 &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths 5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B 9?85=8;4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

*() " ) ! " \$\$ &. ( 66 7 39" \$&* ! % %%&( ,% =L5-A> -@ !! " +\$ &

( " ! \$ % ! \$ !% % % \$ &( \$ \$ ! \$ % ( \$ ,; \$ %% % ,% \$ &3 ! "(

&* \$ ) ! " &

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

<! " ,% 6 ,))K+E 66! #\$# ! ( \$ \$ =.%J>&

Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources .5<4;8 \$49:+..8 ⁶ \$49 +=5=.77<;B5475? 5. 7>

Road deaths by age and sex

% =.%C>& E #- =L.A> 66 @ 4 ! =00A> (

12& =.%C>% % % ( & % ! %%\$ % !! % & %!

% =% - ()'(- @ (6'(K @

5 (% %% &

Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups

.5<48 74 9;74795?7

% %\$ \$ ! \$ 1 \$ ! =% %% \$!

\$ \$

&' => /2! !'&

Non-fatal injuries by age, sex, and residence

< !1221122J'%% CJ 222\$\$ ,% ! 66@5& (5#A"K6A4Q(5) /&MAG!\$\$ &

% " % %% ! ! 66@ - 7 6@=2- 6>5 ( %!! " ( !! 66@ - 7 =2- .>5% @ %%% =/0CC>% 6 6@ 66@ - 7 =2- L>5 6 46 ! "% MB (!%%\$ % =.%C>% \$%% ! % &

Figure 5: Incidence of road injuries in urban and rural areas 95% CI are shown. =5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 6: Incidence of road injuries among men and women 95% CI are shown. =5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Figure 7: Incidence of road injuries among different age groups 95% CI are shown. =5 )55)&)55* 3 = G

Acknowledgements

* \$(\$ \$!\$" ! ' )- # !. & * \$ !

% &

Incidence of road injuries in the United States

FIGURE 1: Road injury deaths rates in USA compared with the 17 other countries analyzed in this project and with Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands.

/;79A7;4 547>4- 54==5<?749;DB7.49?C =:( ? ;4< <>=(2

.5<48.9?989<= 54B547; 547;5<4 ?A75;22

.? 489? <;;5 9?6<4>7;2

.5<48 74 9;74795?7 3"( % ! 6

6 (L.-). LA 66 , 122B& # " % !" , + ! ! =* />&3122B " ! !! " , &

How did we compute these estimates?

< % % ! % ! " \$ %% ! ( ! \$ % \$ ! 6 5 & 766 - - - @ - 7 -\$\$

! ) \$\$ \$\$\$

Table 2: Distribution of deaths coded to partially-specified causes in the death registration data

@6 =DNL'DNN>

O % @' 7 =DNK AN65)>

&6 , 4 (L.-)( @ \$ % ! 122B&3 1/\$ \$ 7 - 6 7 ! % ( "&

' 1 ! % ! ! 66@ 7 - 5 4 &6 , \$\$+ ! ! \$ 7 - ' 7 52 (.A - 6 6 '@ 7 5 I 6@6A @ 7 - " " 7 5& 6 6@ 66 5E 6@ !% ! % + 12A &

% 66 @ 66@' 7

& 6

7 66@' 7 % ( 66@' 7 - 5 66 4 \$\$ ! ! \$ 7 4 - ' I -5 & ,( 66@' 7 %&* \$ ! 6 66@' 7 - 5 * !\$ !! " 52 -@7 Q ( % 7 Q 6 7 Q 6' H 7 Q ' 65&

!! "&< 664 - 66@' 7 - !! "7

O % @' 7 5 5
O % @' 7
O / 7 @
O / 7 6 @
O / 7 '
O / 7 ' 7 5

* !! ! \$ ! .%1&* % CB 0/1 7 5 I ! (* 1 ! " ( " \$ 7 66 5& 6 !\$\$+ CA ! " &

Figure 2: Effect of redistribution on estimates of road injury deaths.

5578 9;749<795?;7B49;?57;5:?<;79;;7B9?85=8; 4==5795?5 7;5AB=7=>:979?459?6<49;2

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Figure 3: Our estimates of road injury deaths from death registration data compared with those reported by other sources.

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Road deaths by age and sex

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Figure 4a: Road injury deaths in age-sex groups.

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Figure 4b: Road injury death rates in age-sex groups.

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Road deaths by type of road-user

Figure 5: Road injury deaths broken down by road user type.

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roadsafetyinjuries18countriesharvardreport.md 639 KB History Raw

status: converted

ROAD INJURIES IN 18 COUNTRIES

.GF%

Chapter 2 Methods

" FK) ) # \$/

Availability and quality of cause-of-death data for estimating the global burden of injuries

;747

?745<795?

75;

Availability of mortality data

5AB=7?;;5 ?795?=74 9;74795?

Table 2: Availability of global death registration data

Incidence of road injuries in Argentina

How did we compute these estimates?

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

Road deaths by age and sex

Deaths and non-fatal road injuries by type of road-user

How did we compute these estimates?

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

Road deaths by age and sex

Road deaths type of road-user

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

Acknowledgements

Incidence of road injuries in Colombia

How did we compute these estimates?

Overview of data sources

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

Road deaths by age and sex

Road deaths by type of road-user

Estimates of non-fatal road injuries

Non-fatal injuries by age, sex, and residence

Incidence of road injuries in Croatia

How did we compute these estimates?

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

Road deaths by age and sex

Road deaths by type of road-user

Acknowledgements

How did we compute these estimates?

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

Road deaths by age and sex

Road deaths by type of road-user

Acknowledgements

How did we compute these estimates?

Overview of data sources

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575B479=:G 'F

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

Road deaths by age and sex

Non-fatal injuries by age, sex, and residence

Acknowledgements

Incidence of road injuries in Hungary

How did we compute these estimates?

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

6<;7A?7;778?57BB=9>7

5AB49;5?5 5<4;79A7;:97574;5<4;

5 7;> ?;D

Road deaths by type of road-user

Acknowledgements

Incidence of road injuries in Iran

How did we compute these estimates?

==5795?5 9?6<4>7;575' G 'F

Road deaths by type of road-user

Non-fatal road injuries

Acknowledgements

How did we compute these estimates?

Overview of data sources

Estimates of road injury deaths

6 F 69)55- F

Comparison of our estimates with other sources

roadsafetyinjuries18countriesharvardreport.md 639 KB

History Raw